Cold snaps in the DMV can go from a dusting to a foot of snow fast. Even though Washington’s average winter brings about 13.8 inches of snow, year-to-year swings are common, and suburbs north and west of the District often see higher totals. You want your home safe, efficient, and ready for whatever winter brings. This guide gives you a clear, local checklist you can follow now, plus what to do before and after a storm.
Let’s dive in.
Know your local risks
Washington’s normal seasonal snowfall is modest but variable, and storms can still pack a punch. According to the National Weather Service, the District averages about 13.8 inches per season, with bigger totals common in nearby suburbs during stronger systems. Prepare for short cold snaps, freezing rain, and potential power outages. Focus on preventing frozen pipes, managing ice on walkways, and reducing ice dams on roofs. See the NWS winter overview for D.C.
Sidewalk rules by jurisdiction
Clearing sidewalks is a safety issue and, in many places, a legal requirement. Always check your city or county website and use 311 for guidance, exemptions, and reporting.
District of Columbia
You must clear sidewalks and curb ramps adjacent to your property within the first eight daylight hours after the snow stops. The District offers an exemption program for eligible residents and has volunteer assistance. Review D.C.’s Snow Team guidance.
Montgomery County, MD
Property owners are responsible for clearing public sidewalks abutting their property, typically within 24 hours after a storm ends. Check the county’s snow FAQ.
Prince George’s County, MD
The county enforces an Abutter’s Ordinance for snow and ice removal from sidewalks. Inspectors focus on key areas and can escalate to fines or contractor clearance if needed. See the county’s inspection program.
Alexandria, VA
Owners or tenants must clear sidewalks within 24 to 72 hours, depending on the storm level declared by the city. Review Alexandria’s guidelines.
Fairfax County, VA
There is no single, countywide homeowner shoveling ordinance that applies to all residential properties. Rules can vary by town or HOA, so check local requirements. Background on the county’s policy context.
Your pre-winter checklist
Roof and gutters
- Clean gutters and downspouts so meltwater flows away from the house.
- Extend downspouts to discharge water away from the foundation.
- Inspect for missing shingles and loose flashing. Proper attic insulation and ventilation help prevent ice dams. Learn how ice dams form and how insulation helps.
Trees and drainage
- Trim branches that hang over your roof or driveway. Hire a pro if branches are near power lines.
- Keep storm drains near your home clear so runoff can drain when snow melts.
Walkways and driveways
- Stock a sturdy shovel or snow pusher, and consider a snowblower for larger areas if you can operate it safely.
- Pre-treat steps and high-traffic paths if icing is likely, and clear the full width needed for safe mobility. Use sand or kitty litter for traction when needed.
Plumbing and freeze prevention
- Insulate exposed pipes in basements, garages, and along exterior walls. Seal gaps where cold air enters.
- Label your main water shutoff and make sure it turns easily.
- During deep freezes, open sink cabinet doors on exterior walls and let a light drip run on vulnerable faucets. Disconnect hoses and close exterior spigots if possible.
Heating and CO safety
- Schedule a fall furnace or heat pump tune-up and replace filters on time.
- Test smoke and carbon monoxide detectors and replace aging units. Install CO detectors on every level and near sleeping areas.
- If you plan to use a fireplace or wood stove, have the chimney inspected and cleaned.
Power outages and generators
- Build a basic outage kit: flashlights, batteries, phone power banks, water, shelf-stable food, medications, and blankets. Keep fridge and freezer doors closed during an outage.
- Only operate portable generators outside, at least 20 feet from doors and windows. Never run a generator in a garage. Use a transfer switch installed by a licensed electrician for home connections. Review outage and generator safety guidance.
Insulation and air sealing
- Check attic insulation levels and air sealing. Adding insulation at the attic floor and sealing gaps around penetrations can lower bills and reduce ice-dam risk.
- Consider an energy audit or blower door test if your home is older or drafty.
Hydrants, meters, and vents
- Keep nearby fire hydrants clear for access and brush snow away from gas and electric meters.
- Do not block exterior vents for dryers, furnaces, or water heaters.
Smart de-icing to protect landscaping
Shovel first, then apply the minimum de-icer needed. Chloride-based salts can harm plants, concrete, and waterways when overused. Consider pet and plant friendly products where appropriate, and sweep up excess after the storm. Learn about salt impacts and smart salting practices.
Save on energy upgrades
The District supports home energy improvements, including insulation and weatherization programs, with incentives that are expanding under recent federal funding. Check current rebates and eligibility through the District’s energy and environment resources. Explore DOEE and DCSEU program updates.
Winter home selling tip
If you plan to sell in winter or early spring, a well maintained exterior sends a strong first impression. Clear all paths, show a dry, safe entry, and make sure gutters are working. Inside, an efficient, comfortable home makes showings warmer and more inviting. If you want help prioritizing what matters most for buyers in your neighborhood, reach out.
Ready to plan your next move or prep your home for market? The Kimberlee Randall Group is here with boutique, education-first guidance across the DMV.
FAQs
How much snow does Washington, D.C. usually get?
- Washington averages about 13.8 inches per winter at Reagan National, but totals vary widely and nearby suburbs can see more during stronger storms.
Do I have to shovel the sidewalk in D.C., Maryland, or Virginia?
- In D.C. the deadline is eight daylight hours after the snow ends; Montgomery County typically requires 24 hours; Alexandria sets 24 to 72 hours by storm level; Prince George’s enforces an Abutter’s Ordinance; Fairfax has no single countywide rule.
What can I use to melt ice without harming my yard?
- Shovel first, then use the minimum de-icer needed and consider pet and plant friendly products; sweep up excess to reduce salt runoff.
How do I prevent frozen pipes in cold snaps?
- Insulate exposed pipes, seal air leaks, open sink cabinet doors on exterior walls, let a light drip run on vulnerable faucets, and know your main water shutoff.
Is it safe to run a generator in my garage during an outage?
- No. Always run generators outside, at least 20 feet from doors and windows, and install a transfer switch for home connections; use carbon monoxide detectors on every level.
